&lt;b&gt;Enzyme Polymorphism in &lt;i&gt;Sitophilus oryzae&lt;/i&gt; (Linnaeus, 1763) and &lt;i&gt;Sitophilus zeamais&lt;/i&gt; (Motschulsky, 1855) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) in southern Brazil

Danielle Das Neves Bespalhok,Erasmo Renesto,Tiago Signorini

doi:10.4025/actascibiolsci.v37i2.25143

Enzyme Polymorphism in Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus, 1763) and Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky, 1855) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) in southern Brazil

Danielle Das Neves Bespalhok, Erasmo Renesto + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v37i2.25143

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Abstract

Beetles of the species Sitophilus oryzae and S. zeamais are pests of great economic importance since they attack not only rice and maize but also several other cereals. In fact, these beetles are one of the most visible threats to sustainable food production. Current study estimated the genetic variability of S. oryzae in two samples, one from the State of Parana (PR), Brazil, and another from the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, and a sample of S. zeamais from the State of Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil. Isozyme electrophoresis in starch gel technique was employed to analyze eight enzyme systems (AAT, ACP, GDH, GPI, IDH, MDH, PGM and ME). Average heterozygosity rates were 0.0091, 0.0100 and 0.0000 and expected heterozygosity rates were 0.0419, 0.0452 and 0.0000 respectively for the samples of PR, SC and RS samples. The percentage of polymorphic loci was 30% in the PR sample, 0% in the RS sample and 30% in the SC sample. Genetic identity rates were I=0.9983 between samples from PR and RS; I = 0.6892 between PR and SC, and I = 0.6925 between SC and RS. Neis (1978) genetic distance rates were 0.0017, 0.3722 and 0.3675. Samples presented low genetic variability.

Highlights

Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky, 1855) and Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus, 1763) are pests belonging to the Coleoptera order and Curculionidae family
Alleles Acpa, Gdha, Idha, Mea and Aatb were present in all three samples
The enzymes Malate Dehydrogenase (MDH) and PGM showed a greater number of alleles per locus, while the enzymes Glucose Dehydrogenase (GDH), Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) and Malic Enzyme (ME) had the lowest number of alleles per locus

Summary

Introduction

Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky, 1855) and Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeus, 1763) are pests belonging to the Coleoptera order and Curculionidae family. Surveys in São Paulo and in other Brazilian states, demonstrated that S. zeamais is the main pest species that attacks rice. These species are morphologically very similar in morphology, even though they are securely distinguished by their genitals (GALLO et al, 1988). These authors report that, due to similarities between the two species, the biological. Biological Sciences data obtained for S. zeamais could be extended to S. oryzae (VIEIRA, 1999). Losses in mass and seeds germinating power, product devaluation and an environment favorable to the dissemination of fungi and other microorganisms are among the liabilities (PUZZI, 1986)

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