Abstract
The electrical losses in power systems are divided into non-technical losses (NTLs) and technical losses (TLs). NTL is more harmful than TL because it includes electricity theft, faulty meters and billing errors. It is one of the major concerns in the power system worldwide and incurs a huge revenue loss for utility companies. Electricity theft detection (ETD) is the mechanism used by industry and academia to detect electricity theft. However, due to imbalanced data, overfitting issues and the handling of high-dimensional data, the ETD cannot be applied efficiently. Therefore, this paper proposes a solution to address the above limitations. A long short-term memory (LSTM) technique is applied to detect abnormal patterns in electricity consumption data along with the bat-based random under-sampling boosting (RUSBoost) technique for parameter optimization. Our proposed system model uses the normalization and interpolation methods to pre-process the electricity data. Afterwards, the pre-processed data are fed into the LSTM module for feature extraction. Finally, the selected features are passed to the RUSBoost module for classification. The simulation results show that the proposed solution resolves the issues of data imbalancing, overfitting and the handling of massive time series data. Additionally, the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques; i.e., support vector machine (SVM), convolutional neural network (CNN) and logistic regression (LR). Moreover, the F1-score, precision, recall and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve metrics are used for the comparative analysis.
Highlights
Electricity theft is defined as the consumed amount of energy that is not billed by the consumers.This incurs major revenue losses for electric utility companies [1]
logistic regression (LR) uses the principle of neural networks and the logistic sigmoid function to return the value of the variable
The algorithm is efficient in predicting the number of honest consumers; the FNR is still high, which means that it misses real theft cases and has poor results in detecting the electricity theft
Summary
Electricity theft is defined as the consumed amount of energy that is not billed by the consumers. We propose a model to address the problems of ETD; i.e., the class imbalanced problem, overfitting, the handling of bigger time series data and the parameter optimization of classifiers. The bat algorithm is used for parameter tuning, finding an optimal learning rate for RUSBoost; this further enhances the performance of the model This model is efficient at detecting electricity thieves. In order to tackle the imbalanced data, RUSBoost is employed to handle the class imbalance problem and performs better than existing data balancing techniques. It performs two operations: RUS first under-samples the data, Adaboost predicts final classification. For comparative analysis, the precision, recall, F1-score and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve are used to compute the accuracy of the model
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