Abstract
Extensive data reported the influence of the physicochemical properties on the bacterial adhesion in biomaterials, of which surface roughness of titanium (Ti) can dictates methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) adhesion to orthopedic implants. Herein, we investigated the influence of the Yb:YAG laser texturing of titanium-15molybdenum (TiMo-L) surface on the MRSA (ATCC #33591) cells adhesion and viability. The physicochemical properties and antibacterial performance of TiMo-L were compared to samples of laser-irradiated pure titanium (Ti-L). Polished samples (Ti-P and TiMo-P) were used as controls. Laser textured surfaces presented a high degree of hydrophilicity, an irregular-shaped cavity and a typical microstructured pattern, compared to the polished substrates. The laser irradiation reduced the peaks of molybdenum (Mo) in the surface of Ti-15Mo alloy, which is explained, at least in part, by the difference between the melting point of Ti (1.668 oC) and Mo (2.623 oC). Laser texturing raised the MRSA cells viability and statistically increased the bacterial adhesion to pure Ti (P < 0.01; Wilcoxon-Signed rank test) and Ti-15Mo alloy (P < 0.001; Paired t test). The TiMo-L surface was significantly less susceptible to MRSA cell adhesion compared to Ti-L substrate (P < 0.001; Paired t test).
Highlights
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA; American Type Culture Collection 33591) was the bacterial strain used in the present study
Thereof, a smooth surface was observed in the Ti-P and TiMo-P samples, whereas Ti-L and TiMo-L groups presented irregular-shaped cavities and a typical microstructured surface with large depressions. This results are in accordance with previous findings in which pulsed Yb:YAG laser treatment resulted in a typical macro- and micro-roughness surface on cpTi41, 44 and Ti-15Mo7
The rationale for the use of antibiotic-resistant S. aureus is that methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most common pathogens associated to persistent prosthetic joint infections in primary total hip arthroplasties[49]
Summary
Titanium (Ti) and Ti-based alloys have been used as implantable biomaterials in orthopedic surgery[1] and oral rehabilitation of edentulous patients[2], because of their excellent properties such as adequate mechanical strength, resistance to corrosion[3, 4], and biocompatibility in vivo[5,6,7]. Ti-Mo alloys received great attention due to its electrochemical stability, low elasticity modulus and higher corrosion resistance in physiological-simulated media result, the ions exist in the surrounding implant tissue, Ti-15Mo3, 7. Another important aspect to consider is the morphology and physicochemical properties of implants surface to improve bone-implant osseointegration[19, 20]. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the surface topography and the physicochemical properties of Ti-15Mo alloy after laser-beam irradiation and the influence of laser irradiation on MRSA cell adhesion to Ti-15Mo surface
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