Abstract
To achieve fully-solution processed n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs), jet-sprayed silver nanowires (AgNWs) are used to replace vacuum-deposited Ag film as the top electrode of n-i-p structure PSCs. AgNWs are covered with a layer of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) because of the addition of PVP during the growth process of AgNWs. This PVP will deteriorate the conductivity of AgNWs and become a charge extraction barrier as an electrode of a PSC. A low temperature (<40 °C) atmospheric-pressure dielectric-barrier-discharge-jet (DBDjet) is used to post-treat AgNWs after completing the fabrication of n-i-p PSCs. The average cell efficiency improved from 9.069% (without DBDjet treatment) to 12.09% (DBDjet with scan rate of 0.5 cm s−1), and the best performing cell achieves efficiency of 14.037% (DBDjet with scan rate of 1 cm s−1). DBDjet plasma treatment removes PVP, improving the interfacial contacts among AgNWs and between AgNWs layer and hole transport layer; this in turn increases the cell efficiency. Sheet resistance measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, water contact angle measurement, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy all show evidence of the removal of the PVP layer by DBDjet plasma treatment.
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