Abstract
Thermally stable composites obtained by the low-temperature carbonization of an elastomeric matrix filled with hard dispersed silicon carbide particles were obtained and investigated. Evolution of the microstructure and of mechanical and thermal characteristics of composites during thermal degradation and carbonization processes in a wide range of filling from 0 to 450 parts per hundred rubber was studied. For highly filled composites, the compressive strength values were found to be more than 200 MPa; Young’s modulus was more than 15 GPa. The thermal conductivity coefficient of composites was up to 1.6 W/(m·K), and this magnitude varied slightly in the temperature range of 25–300 °C. Coupled with the high thermal stability of the composites, the observed properties make it possible to consider using such composites as strained friction units instead of reinforced polymers.
Highlights
The use of reinforced polymer materials makes it possible to create structures with high weight efficiency and optimal combinations of mechanical, antifriction and thermal properties, which allows them to replace traditional metal and ceramic materials successfully
Some of the factors limiting the use of polymers and polymer based composites are low operating temperatures due to low melting points and/or low temperature of the beginning of intense thermal degradation of polymers, and low thermal conductivity, which for a most of polymers lies within 0.05–0.35 W/m·K [1,2,3]
The thermal conductivity of polymers can be increased by creating heat-conducting structures based on fillers with high thermal conductivity, such as carbon nanotubes [4], graphene [5], graphite [6], hexagonal boron nitride (BN) [7], aluminum nitride (AlN) [8], alumina (Al2 O3 ) [9], silicon carbide (SiC) [10], etc
Summary
The use of reinforced polymer materials makes it possible to create structures with high weight efficiency and optimal combinations of mechanical, antifriction and thermal properties, which allows them to replace traditional metal and ceramic materials successfully. Some of the factors limiting the use of polymers and polymer based composites are low operating temperatures due to low melting points and/or low temperature of the beginning of intense thermal degradation of polymers, and low thermal conductivity, which for a most of polymers lies within 0.05–0.35 W/m·K [1,2,3]. The percolation threshold in such compositions, at which a significant increase in thermal conductivity occurs, usually lies at filling degrees of above 20 vol.% [11]. At such high filling degrees, the mechanical characteristics of the materials usually decrease drastically [12].
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