Abstract
BackgroundRecent several observational studies have reported that high salt intake is associated with obesity. But it is unclear whether salt intake itself induce obesity or low salt diet can reduce body fat mass. We investigated whether a low salt diet can reduce body weight and fat amount.Matrials and MethodsThe randomized, open-label pilot trial was conducted at a single institution. A total of 85 obese people were enrolled. All participants were served meals three times a day, and provided either a low salt diet or control diet with same calorie. Visceral fat was measured with abdominal computer tomography, while body fat mass and total body water was measured with bio-impedance.ResultsReductions in body weight (–6.3% vs. –5.0%, p = 0.05) and BMI (–6.6% vs. –5.1%, p = 0.03) were greater in the low salt group than in the control group. Extracellular water and total body water were significantly reduced in the low salt group compared to the control group. However, changes in body fat mass, visceral fat area, and skeletal muscle mass did not differ between the two groups. Changes in lipid profile, fasting glucose, and HOMA-IR did not differ between the two groups.ConclusionsA two-month low salt diet was accompanied by reduction of body mass index. However, the observed decrease of body weight was caused by reduction of total body water, not by reduction of body fat mass or visceral fat mass.
Highlights
Multiple studies have shown a strong association between a high salt diet and obesity after adjusting total calorie intake [1, 2]
We investigated whether a low salt diet can reduce body weight and fat amount
A two-month low salt diet was accompanied by reduction of body mass index
Summary
Multiple studies have shown a strong association between a high salt diet and obesity after adjusting total calorie intake [1, 2]. Due to the limits of observational studies, these studies could not determine if there is a causal relationship between salt intake and obesity It is unclear whether obesity is caused directly by salt intake or by bad eating habits accompanied by excessive sodium consumption. No possible mechanism between high salt diet www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget and obesity was discussed in any of these studies It is not clear whether weight gain caused by a high salt diet is attributable to an increase in total body water or body fat mass. Recent several observational studies have reported that high salt intake is associated with obesity It is unclear whether salt intake itself induce obesity or low salt diet can reduce body fat mass. We investigated whether a low salt diet can reduce body weight and fat amount
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