Abstract
This paper proposes a novel single-layer, low-profile harmonic transponder to be integrated with the printable diodes based on Si particles. The introduced prototype consists of two bowtie dipoles that are directly matched to the harmonic generation element at a fundamental 2.45GHz frequency and also at the corresponding second harmonic 4.9GHz frequency. Therefore, the antennas and T-matching parts can be manufactured as separate inlays using a single layer-substrate. Besides the new prototype, the harmonic conversion loss (CL) is theoretically and experimentally investigated. In this regard, the equivalent circuit is driven and utilized to analyze the CL performance with variations in fundamental frequency and input power. The introduced transponder outperforms the state-of-the-art work from the printability, size, and CL point of views.
Highlights
Nonlinear radars, created to help cars avoid collisions, can be traced back as far as 1973 [1]
The conversion loss (CL) simulation of the matched diode is performed for the developed circuit model of the introduced transponder, in which the CL illustrates that a matched diode would outperform the unmatched one by approximately 20 dB if the available RF power is less than −20 dB, as will be explained
Experimental Results the transponder (RCS) without diode inclusion is measured in order to verify the designed and fabricated transponder antennas
Summary
Nonlinear radars, created to help cars avoid collisions, can be traced back as far as 1973 [1]. The diode is matched to the antenna either by utilizing lumped elements [11] or using open and short circuit stubs, each necessitating a ground plane layer and occupying a large footprint [12,13]. Diode biasing circuit is developed, and the corresponding prototype is theoretically and experimentally verified to be compared with the proposed matching solution. In this regard, the zero biasing HSMS-2850 Schottky diode is chosen as the nonlinear element, due to its high sensitivity and low-cost packaging. 0.68λ0 × 0.68λ0 1.28λ0 × 0.123λ0 0.3λ0 × 0.26λ0 0.267λ0 × 0.117λ0 0.245λ0 ×0.163λ0
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