Abstract

We have investigated requirements for an integrating-type ion chamber that performs with signal fluctuations (noise) near the 1/√N counting statistics level. A large noise contribution occurs when the chamber collection foils intercept a beam of particles whose energy exceeds spallation production threshold. Experimental results demonstrate the source of this noise to be the production of low-energy spallation products in the plates and gas of the chamber. Delta rays also contribute to the noise, but not as severely. We have developed hydrogen-filled ion chambers with longitudinal collection plates that successfully eliminate the spallation contribution. With such chambers, noise improvement is typically a factor of 15 over chambers of conventional design.

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