Abstract
Lignocellulose feedstock (LCF) provides a sustainable source of components to produce bioenergy, biofuel, and novel biomaterials. Besides hard and soft wood, so-called low-input plants such as Miscanthus are interesting crops to be investigated as potential feedstock for the second generation biorefinery. The status quo regarding the availability and composition of different plants, including grasses and fast-growing trees (i.e., Miscanthus, Paulownia), is reviewed here. The second focus of this review is the potential of multivariate data processing to be used for biomass analysis and quality control. Experimental data obtained by spectroscopic methods, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), can be processed using computational techniques to characterize the 3D structure and energetic properties of the feedstock building blocks, including complex linkages. Here, we provide a brief summary of recently reported experimental data for structural analysis of LCF biomasses, and give our perspectives on the role of chemometrics in understanding and elucidating on LCF composition and lignin 3D structure.
Highlights
Global economic and ecological challenges of the twentieth century, such as limited fossil resources, climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions, and the global energy demand, are driving forces forAppl
[7,8,9,10,11,12]; there was a change in feedstocks in the so-called second-generation cane) [7,8,9,10,11,12]; there was a change in feedstocks in the so-called second-generation biorefinery—potential biomasses for for thesethese new new refineries include grassesgrasses cultivated in arid conditions, biorefinery—potential biomasses refineries include cultivated in arid agroforestry residues, and any kind of crop waste (Figure conditions, agroforestry residues, and any kind of crop waste (Figure 2) [13,14,15,16]
Statistics show that 170 million metric tons of lignocellulose is produced annually, while no more than 5% of these Lignocellulose feedstock (LCF) components are exploited, mainly due to a significant recalcitrance caused by the lignin [17]
Summary
Global economic and ecological challenges of the twentieth century, such as limited fossil resources, climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions, and the global energy demand, are driving forces for. Strategyare was driving forces for innovations in chemical industry Facing these challenges, the first reported by the European Commission in 2012, and updated in 2018 [1,2]. According to the authors of a European study, about 476 million tons of lignocellulose non-food crops and wastes from agroforestry. According to the authors of a European study, about feedstock (LCF) is required to fulfil the demand for bio-based products by 2030. More than 476 million tons of lignocellulose feedstock (LCF) is required to fulfil the demand for bio-based. The drivingresources, force to study the potential of renewable resources,isinthe development of novel bio-based materials, such as polyol components, polyurethane particular lignocellulose feedstock, is the development of novel bio-basedfor materials, such assynthesis. Permission from [5], Springer Nature, 2019
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