Low Head Micro Hydro Systems for Rural Electrification

Abstract

Off-grid micro hydro is an economical and practical approach to generate electric power to fulfil energy demand in rural areas. Large numbers of successful high head micro hydro project have been reported however the application of low head micro hydro system is scarce. Low head micro hydro system commonly recognized using complex profile blades, larger civil structure and electromechanical components to extract energy. This leads to a more complex system and higher cost with respect to similar power rating. On the other hand, the potential to exploit low head micro hydro system is enormous because there is where population is concentrated. The aim of this paper is to present the main issues and technologies encircled the application of low head micro hydro power for rural electrifications. Reviews on relevant issues on micro hydro surrounding available turbines for low head sites, civil structures and electric motor are also presented. This is followed by accentuating the importance of information dissemination using the internet to potential users. The information can be used by researchers, plant managers, individual or rural communities to understand the potential of available technologies.