Abstract
The prevalence of multi drug resistant gram-negative bacteria to commonly first line drugs in blood is a serious problem in Equatorial Guinea and other world. This is the first study describing antibiotic resistance analysis of blood stream infection in Equatorial Guinea. Our study presents alarming rate of inefficiency of the most commonly prescribed drugs to treatment Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter species isolates as the most frequency etiologic agents in blood stream infection. Out of 1849 blood culture the bacterial etiological agents were isolated from 196 (10.6%) samples. E. coli (n = 22), K. pneumonia (n = 39) and Acinetobacter (n = 17) represent 71.6% of all gram negative bacterial isolates. Almost all isolates of K. pneumonia and Acinetobacter sp. (92.1% and 100%, respectively) and about 50% of E. coli strains possessed extended-spectrum β-lactamase activity. Alarming level of multi drug resistant gram negative strains was observed. E. coli and K. pneumonia and Acinetobacter isolates demonstrated low sensitivity to all commonly prescribed drugs such as Ampicillin, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, Doxycycline, Gentamycin Amoxicicline/Clavulanic Acid, Cefuroxime, Ciprofloxacine. It is especially worth noting the low efficiency of third generation cephalosporins (Cefrtiaxon) against Acinetobacter and Klebsiella with their resistance rate of 94.7% and 100% respectively. Moreover, the alarming level of low sensitivity to Piperacilin/Tazobactam of K. pneumonia (22%) and Acinetobacter (29.4%) was been found. The 17.6% of Acinetobacter isolated was carbomenem resistant. Just Imipenem and Amikacin were the most sensitive drug against these bacterial strains.
Highlights
Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are among the most serious medical problems with high mortality and morbidity rates in the world and especially in Africa [1]-[4]
The problem of antibiotic resistance is compounding because of overuse and misuse of antibiotics. We performed this prospective study in order to identify the most common causative agent of bacteremia and determine their antibiotic resistant pattern
Positive cultures were inoculated on Triptic Soy Agar with 5% sheep blood (TSAB), Mac Conkey’s agar and Chocolate agar (HyLabs Ltd.) by spread plate technique [11]
Summary
Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are among the most serious medical problems with high mortality and morbidity rates in the world and especially in Africa [1]-[4]. Gram-negative bacilli such as Enterobacteriaceae and nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli are the leading cause of bloodstream infection and responsible for the high mortality rates. Identification of the causative agents of bacteremia and understanding resistance patterns may help guide effective empirical antibiotic therapy. The problem of antibiotic resistance is compounding because of overuse and misuse of antibiotics. We performed this prospective study in order to identify the most common causative agent of bacteremia and determine their antibiotic resistant pattern
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call