Low dose zinc supplementation beneficially affects seizure development in experimental seizure models in rats.

Abstract

The role of zinc in seizure models and with antiepileptic drugs sodium valproate (SV) and phenytoin (PHT) was studied using experimental models of seizures in rats. Male Wistar rats, 150-250g were administered zinc 2, 20, and 200mg/kg, orally for 14days. Sixty minutes after the last dose of zinc, rats were challenged with pentylenetetrazole (PTZ, 60mg/kg, ip) or maximal electroshock (MES, 70mA, 0.2s duration). In another group, SV (150/300mg/kg, ip) or PHT (40mg/kg, ip) was administered after 30min of zinc administration followed by seizure challenge. Zinc pretreatment at all doses had no effect on MES seizures. In PTZ seizures, with the lowest dose used, i.e., 2mg/kg, a protective effect was observed. Neither the protection offered by the 100% anticonvulsant dose of SV (300mg/kg) in PTZ seizures was affected by pre-treatment with zinc nor a combination of subanticonvulsant dose of SV (150mg/kg) and zinc offer any statistically significant advantage over either drug alone. The combination of phenytoin with zinc had no effect on any of the parameters tested. Apart from this, chronic zinc administration hampered development of chemically (PTZ)-kindled seizures in rats. Zinc supplementation is unlikely to have any undesirable effect when used in epileptics rather it may offer advantage in epileptic and seizure prone patients.