Abstract
BackgroundTheranostic nanoparticles (NPs) have achieved rapid development owing to their capacity for personalized multimodal diagnostic imaging and antitumor therapy. However, the efficient delivery and bulk accumulation of NPs in tumors are still the decisive factors in improving therapeutic effect. It is urgent to seek other methods to alters tumor microenvironment (like vascular permeability and density) for enhancing the efficiency of nanoparticles delivery and accumulation at the tumor site.MethodsHerein, we developed a Raman-tagged hollow gold nanoparticle (termed as HAuNP@DTTC) with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) property, which could be accumulated efficiently in tumor site with the pre-irradiation of low-dose (3 Gy) X-ray and then exerted highly antitumor effect in breast cancer model.ResultsThe tumor growth inhibition (TGI) of HAuNP@DTTC-induced photothermal therapy (PTT) was increased from 60% for PTT only to 97%, and the lethal distant metastasis of 4T1 breast cancer (such as lung and liver) were effectively inhibited under the X-ray-assisted PTT treatment. Moreover, with the strong absorbance induced by localized surface plasmon resonance in near-infrared (NIR) region, the signals of Raman/photoacoustic (PA) imaging in tumor was also significantly enhanced after the administration of HAuNP@DTTC, indicating it could be used as the Raman/PA imaging and photothermal agent simultaneously under 808 nm laser irradiation.ConclusionsOur studied of the as-prepared HAuNP@DTTC integrated the Raman/PA imaging and PTT functions into the single platform, and showed the good prospects for clinical applications especially with the low-dose X-ray irradiation as an adjuvant, which will be a productive strategy for enhancing drug delivery and accumulation in tumor theranostics.Graphic
Highlights
Theranostic nanoparticles (NPs) have achieved rapid development owing to their capacity for personalized multimodal diagnostic imaging and antitumor therapy
The hollow Au nanoparticles (HAuNP) were produced via a one-step procedure, in which the Ag nanoparticles was selected as the sacrificial template to reduce the HAuCl4
After the modification of diethylthiatricarbocyanine iodide (DTTC) and bovine serum albumin (BSA), a translucent thin shell was coating on the surface of HAuNP (Fig. 1b, c), and the lattice space (0.234 nm) of nanoparticles is consistent with Au (111) in the high magnification transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image (Fig. 1c)
Summary
Theranostic nanoparticles (NPs) have achieved rapid development owing to their capacity for personalized multimodal diagnostic imaging and antitumor therapy. Wei et al J Nanobiotechnol (2021) 19:155 in situ and provides an attractive strategy for tumor treatment with simplified procedures [5, 6], and can improve the tumor identification efficiency, real-time tracking the in vivo distribution of nanoparticles, and continuous monitoring of antitumor therapeutic effect due to the excellent imaging capability [7,8,9]. The gold nanoparticle-based theranostic agent could be considered as an optimal in situ tumor detection and monitor of therapeutic response using Raman/PA bimodal imaging, and effective antitumor treatment under the NIR laser irradiation
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