Abstract
In recent years, low-cost single-frequency GNSS receivers have been widely used in many fields such as mass navigation and deformation monitoring; however, due to the poor signal quality of low-cost patch antennae, it is difficult for carrier phase real-time kinematic (RTK) technology to fix the integer ambiguity. Differential GNSS (DGNSS) positioning with pseudorange can effectively meet the high robustness and reliability requirements for the submeter to the meter level positioning accuracy of UVA/vehicle/aerospace users. To improve the DGNSS positioning accuracy and reliability of low-cost single-frequency GNSS receivers in complex environments, we propose a differential barometric altimetry (DBA)-assisted DGNSS positioning algorithm, which solves the DGNSS observation equations jointly and rigorously with the Earth ellipsoidal constraint equations constructed by the DBA altitude. The DBA altitude accuracy at different baseline lengths was evaluated in detail, and the DGNSS positioning performance of the single-frequency low-cost u-blox receiver NEO-M8T with a patch antenna and DGNSS/DBA combined positioning performance with the BMP280 barometer was analyzed by several sets of static and dynamic experiments under different environments. The results show that the single-frequency NEO-M8T receiver with patch antenna DGNSS positioning accuracy is submeter level in the static environment and drops to meter level in the dynamic environment. GPS+BDS dual system has higher positioning accuracy than single GPS or single BDS. DGNSS/DBA combination has higher positioning accuracy than DGNSS, especially the root mean square error (RMSE) can be improved by 30% to 80% in the U direction and slightly improved in the N and E directions. This study can provide an effective solution reference for various applications of low-cost sensor fusion positioning in the mass consumer market.
Highlights
With the continuous development and improvement of the Global Navigation SatelliteSystem (GNSS), the number of visible satellites has been greatly increased, which effectively improves the positioning accuracy, reliability, and availability
We propose a Differential GNSS (DGNSS)/differential barometric altimetry (DBA) combined positioning algorithm, in which the user’s altitude obtained by the DBA system in Section 2.2 is used to construct the Earth ellipsoid constraint equation and solved rigorously as an independent observation jointly with the DGNSS observation equation, which is equivalent to adding a virtual satellite located at the center of the Earth [26]
The mobile station consisted of a single-frequency low-cost u-blox receiver NEOM8T, a patch antenna, and two BMP280 barometers
Summary
With the continuous development and improvement of the Global Navigation Satellite. System (GNSS), the number of visible satellites has been greatly increased, which effectively improves the positioning accuracy, reliability, and availability. To our knowledge, little research has been reported on the DGNSS/DBA combined positioning with low-cost GNSS receivers and a patch antenna, and there is a lack of research and analysis on the theoretical methods and application effects of DBA, which is worth further study. NEO-M8T receiver and the accuracy and reliability of DGNSS/DBA combined positioning with low-cost BMP280 barometer are fully evaluated through actual measurement data. This manuscript is organized as follows: Section 1 is the introduction.
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