Low-cost ELC-UWB fan-shaped antenna using parasitic SRR triplet for ISM band and PCS applications

Abstract

ABSTRACT This article presents a low-cost, fan-shaped, tri-arm, circular microstrip antenna that is practically loaded with the three split-ring resonators (SRR) and also uses defected ground structure (DGS) to obtain ultra-wideband (UWB) performance. To compensate for the decreased value of gain because of the DGS structure, the antenna is further loaded parasitically with three split-ring resonators (SRR). The introduced metamaterial SRR triplet results in improved impedance matching and 7 dB improvement in reflection coefficient (S11) at the designed frequency. This also leads to improvement in the gain of antenna and a gain of 7.16 dBi has been obtained. The paper reports 10 dB bandwidth from 1.81 GHz to 3.0 GHz which covers applications like Wi-MAX, Wi-Fi, GSM (1.9 GHz), public safety band, Bluetooth, ISM band (2.4–2.5 GHz), 3 G (2.1 GHz), 4 G LTE(2.1–2.5 GHz), WCDMA (1.9, 2.1 GHz) and other PCS applications. The measured values of S11 is lower than −10 dB for the fractional bandwidth more than 48.98% and hence ultra-wideband performance has been achieved. The antenna is novel in the sense it contains three fractal rectangular arms in the basic circular patch. The addition of arms in patch increases the overall electrical length, which results in improvement in overall bandwidth.