Abstract
Low conversion loss (CL) and high isolation graphene harmonic mixer with inductor-capacitor resonators and microstrip reflective stubs (MRS) is presented in this paper. The nonlinear electromagnetic field characteristics of the multilayer graphene are similar to those of an antiparallel diode pair, which has very strong nonlinear characteristic and is suitable for the development of the Low-level even-combinatorial-frequency harmonic mixer. Through the reflection of radio frequency (RF) signal and local oscillator (LO) frequency signal, the CL of graphene harmonic mixer is significantly reduced, and the isolation between the ports is also improved. The measured minimum CL at the LO power of 16dBm is about 19.2dB, and 2-3dB lower than that without MRS over the frequency band from 2.05-2.5GHz, while the isolation between ports is better than 30dB.
Highlights
The microwave mixer has a variety of applications including radar, communication and other electronic systems
Mixers are generally implemented in two ways, including diode passive mixers[1,2,3,4] and transistor active mixers,[5,6,7] they all use the nonlinear characteristics of semiconductor devices
A microwave mixer, which is shown in Fig. 1(a), can be developed by using the nonlinear characteristics of graphene
Summary
The microwave mixer has a variety of applications including radar, communication and other electronic systems. Hotopan and co-authors used the microstrip filters to develop a millimeter-wave graphene mixer with the isolation greater than 48dB and the CL is about 29dB.[9] Carlos Vazquez Antuna and co-authors developed a millimeter-wave subharmonic-mixer based on a few-layer graphene with the subharmonic orders between 5-14 and the peak conversion gain value over -65 dB.[10]. It can be seen from the relevant literatures of these multilayer graphene mixers that the CL is generally too large. While the isolation between the ports of GHM-RRS is better than 30dB due to the use of the LCR and MRS
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