Abstract
Global warming is the rise in the mean temperature of Earth's atmosphere. It is primarily caused by increasing concentration of green house gasses (GHGs) in the atmosphere. This phenomenon widely called as ‘greenhouse effect’. However, agriculture is the major contributor primarily through the emission of methane and nitrous oxide. It was reported in 2007 that the net emission of GHGs from India was 1727.7 MT of CO2 equivalent. It has been shown that Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh emit higher amount of NO2-N because of higher nitrogen fertilizer use. But West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar, Jharkhand and North-eastern States emit more amount of methane due to higher rice cultivation. Conservation agriculture holds key in reducing the emission due to minimum soil disturbance and 30% area covered with crop residue. In this article, the different mitigation strategies in rice-wheat, maize-wheat and soybean-wheat cropping system have been discussed.
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