Los programas de lenguaje dual como vía hacia una educación multicultural y plurilingüe

Abstract

ABSTRACTDual-language programs are gaining popularity in many parts of the United States. These programs are characterized by a compartmentalized use of two languages with the goal of facilitating the acquisition of bilingual and biliterate skills among the students. Additionally, dual-language programs foster multicultural understandings. Given the increasing cultural and linguistic diversity in the United States, we argue that dual-language programs are an ideal instrument to foster inter-cultural understandings and build an accepting and broad-minded society. Consequently, we start by analyzing the constructs of state and nation in the American context. Adopting this historical perspective, we examine the formation of a national identity and the influence of this identity in the creation and development of linguistic ideologies. Societal and institutional attitudes toward native and immigrant populations are analyzed, especially in regard to their integration and assimilation. Singular attention is given to the concept of the melting pot, assessing the effects of the production and reproduction of this metaphor in the American discourse over immigration.The second part of the article focuses on the concept of cultural and linguistic pluralism and the adequacy of ideologies based on this concept to foster positive attitudes toward non-native English speakers and immigrant populations. Dual-language programs, serving simultaneously native English speakers and emergent bilinguals, not only develop fluency in two languages but they also promote respect for and understanding of multiple cultures. Furthermore, the additive nature of dual-language programs provides students with a meaningful education that protects their heritage and enhances their learning outcomes.