LoRaWAN Network Downlink Routing Control Strategy Based on the SDN Framework and Improved ARIMA Model

Abstract

In order to improve the downlink communication performance of the traditional LoRa wide area network (LoRaWAN), a LoRaWAN downlink routing control strategy based on the software defined networks (SDN) framework and the improved auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model is proposed. The SDN architecture is used to monitor the network traffic, and the link bandwidth occupancy rate is calculated based on the monitored downlink traffic. Taking into account the impact of data volatility on the accuracy of the prediction results, the Savitzky–Golay (S–G) smoothing filter and the sliding window method are introduced for data pre-processing. Stationarity processing is carried out for the time series data in the window, and the ARIMA model is developed to predict the downlink bandwidth occupancy rate. The triangle module operator is then used to incorporate multiple path parameters to finally calculate the selectivity of different paths, and the optimal path for LoRaWAN downlink communication is then provided. Simulation and experimental results show that the root mean square error of the improved ARIMA prediction model is reduced by 87% compared with the standard ARIMA model. The proposed routing control strategy effectively reduces the service transmission delay and packet loss rate. In the LoRaWAN test environment, as the downlink load rate increases, the average link bandwidth occupancy rate of this solution increases by 12% compared with the traditional method.