Abstract
This paper presents look-ahead energy management system for a grid-connected residential photovoltaic (PV) system with battery under critical peak pricing for electricity, enabling effective and proactive participation of consumers in the Smart Grid’s demand response. In the proposed system, the PV is the primary energy source with the battery for storing (or retrieving) excessive (or stored) energy to pursue the lowest possible electricity bill but it is grid-tied to secure electric power delivery. Premise energy management scheme with an accurate yet practical load forecasting capability based on a Kalman filter is designed to increase the predictability in controlling the power flows among these power system components and the controllable electric appliances in the premise. The case studies with various operating scenarios demonstrate the validity of the proposed system and significant cost savings through operating the energy management scheme.
Highlights
The increasing electricity demand and price and the concerns about fossil-fueled generation have led to active research to deploy advanced energy systems using distributed generation (DG) sources such as wind, photovoltaic (PV) power, fuel cells (FCs) supported by energy storage system (ESS)
Note that this paper focuses on the grid-connected residential PV power system and its economic benefits through operation and capital cost for installation is not included for evaluation
This paper has investigated a practical grid-connected residential system consisting of a PV, a battery and grid power under critical peak pricing
Summary
The increasing electricity demand and price and the concerns about fossil-fueled generation have led to active research to deploy advanced energy systems using distributed generation (DG) sources such as wind, photovoltaic (PV) power, fuel cells (FCs) supported by energy storage system (ESS). It is interesting to note that existing systems or studies do not incorporate schemes for optimally scheduling the use of grid power and operate rather passively in the following typical way: (1) the system supplies PV-generated power; (2) if there is excess PV power, the system uses it to charge the ESS; (3) if there is no alternative power, the system supplies grid power. This schedule has been considered reasonable in the past because consumers pay for electricity based on consumption, regardless of the time of day.
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