Long-term Survival Analysis of Meniscus Allograft Transplantation With Bone Fixation

Abstract

To investigate the long-term clinical results and clinical survival rate of meniscus allograft transplantation (MAT) with bone fixation. The inclusion criteria of this study were previous MAT with bone fixation technique in our institution and minimum follow-up duration of 8years. Potential subjects were identified using the medical records and database that was prospectively collected from December 1996 to December 2005. The exclusion criteria were diffuse International Cartilage Repair Society grade IV articular cartilage degeneration that was not treated with a concomitant or staged cartilage repair procedure. Surgical indication for MAT was previous total or subtotal meniscectomy followed by persistent swelling and pain in involved compartment. Recommendations to return to contact sports or strenuous activities were not made. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the modified Lysholm score, and comparison between preoperative and final Lysholm score was done using Student t-test. During the follow-up period, failure was defined as (1) subtotal resection of the allograft, (2) conversion to total knee arthroplasty, or (3) a modified Lysholm score less than 65 or that of the preoperative status. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. During the study period, 52 knees underwent MAT in our institution and 49 knees were eligible for this study. Three knees were excluded because they had diffuse grade IV cartilage degeneration in the respective compartment. Among the 49 knees enrolled, 34 underwent lateral and 15 underwent medial MAT. Two patients had bilateral lateral MAT. Of those 47 patients, 37 were male and 10 were female. Mean patient age at the time of the MAT was 30.4 ± 8.6years. The median follow-up period was 11.5years (8 to 17years). The preoperative mean modified Lysholm score was 73.2 ± 10.6, which significantly increased to 89.4 ± 13.2 at the time of the final follow-up (P < .001). There were 2 failures noted at 6months and 11.3years, respectively, after MAT. All of the other allografts were surviving at the time of the latest follow-up. The 10-year survival rate was 98.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 94.1%-100%), and the 15-year survival rate was 93.3% (95% CI, 83.7%-100%) according to the Kaplan-Meier analysis. MAT using the bone fixation techniques demonstrated a high clinical survival rate according to the long-term observation. Level IV, therapeutic case series.