Abstract
Whole trip longitudinal dynamics and energy analysis of heavy haul trains are required by operators and manufacturers to enable optimisation of train controls and rolling stock components. A new technology named train dynamics and energy analyser/train simulator (TDEAS) has been developed by the State Key Laboratory of Traction Power in China to perform detailed whole trip longitudinal train dynamics and energy analyses. Facilitated by a controller user interface and a graphic user interface, the TDEAS can also be used as a train driving simulator. This paper elaborates the modelling of three primary parts in the TDEAS, namely wagon connection systems, air brake systems and train energy components. TDEAS uses advanced wedge-spring draft gear models that can simulate a wider spectrum of friction draft gear behaviour. An effective and efficient air brake model that can simulate air brake systems in various train configurations has been integrated. In addition, TDEAS simulates the train energy on the basis of a detailed longitudinal train dynamics simulation, which enables a further perspective of the train energy composition and the overall energy consumption. To demonstrate the validity of the TDEAS, a case study was carried out on a 120-km-long Chinese railway. The results show that the employment of electric locomotives with regenerative braking could bring considerable energy benefits. Nearly 40 % of the locomotive energy usage could be collected from the dynamic brake system. Most of tractive energy was dissipated by propulsion resistance that accounted for 42.48 % of the total energy. Only a small amount of tractive energy was dissipated by curving resistance, air brake and draft gear systems.
Highlights
Heavy haul trains have wide applications all over the world due to their advantages in hauling capability and energy efficiency
Whole trip longitudinal dynamics and energy analysis of heavy haul trains are required by operators and manufacturers to enable optimisation of train controls and rolling stock components
The extremely small percentage for draft gear energy (2.79e–5 %) indicates that, from a long-term perspective, the energy dissipated by draft gear systems is minimal
Summary
Heavy haul trains have wide applications all over the world due to their advantages in hauling capability and energy efficiency. An ideal result is to find some measures that can minimise the energy usage and at the same time can improve the train dynamics performance [1]. Train dynamics and energy optimisation measures are required by operators as well as manufacturers. The computer simulation of train dynamics and energy usage is the most cost effective approach. Analyses of both LTD and energy usage of trains have quite reasonably received considerable attention. This article gives an introduction of a state-of-the-art technology named train dynamics and energy analyser/train simulator (TDEAS) developed in China. TDEAS is facilitated with friendly user interfaces for preprocessing (parameter input) and post-processing (results presentation). Though the simulator has higher computing efficiency, the train model in it has not been simplified and is the same as that used with the analyser
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