Longitudinal analysis of Irvine‐Gass syndrome using swept source optical coherence tomography

Abstract

AbstractPurpose: To monitor macular edema in Irvine‐Gass (IG) syndrome using Swept source optical coherence tomography (SS OCT) and describe different features.Methods: A prospective longitudinal study carried out at the Ophthalmology department of Habib Thameur University Hospital of Tunis between January 1st 2020 and December 30th 2021. Patients with pseudophakic macular edema were included. Patients with ocular or systemic diseases that may interfere with ocular imaging (Age‐related macular degeneration, diabetes and central venous occlusion) were excluded. All patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination and SS OCT at first presentation (M1) and 2 months (M2) after treatment with topical nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs. Central retinal thickness (CRT), central choroidal thickness (CCT), serous retinal detachment thickness (SRDT) and diameter of the largest cystic intraretinal space (DCS) were measured and compared. Paired samples T‐test and McNemar test were performed using 21.0 SPSS.Results: Fourteen eyes of 14 patients (5 males and 9 females) were eligible for the study. The median age was 69 years ±8 years. Pseudophakic macular edema interested the right eye in 12 eyes. Qualitative analysis of SS OCT revealed serous retinal detachment in 11 eyes (73%) on M1 and 9 eyes (60%) on M2. Cystic intraretinal spaces were present in 14 eyes (100%) on M1 and 10 eyes (66%) on M2. CRT decreased significantly from 505.73 μm on M1 to 342.93 μm on M2 (p = 0.000), it affected the four macular quadrants significatively (p = 0.004). SRDT decreased from 134.80 μm on M1 to 56.33 μm on M2 (p = 0.03) and DCS from 287.93 μm on M1 to 104.93 μm on M2 (p = 0.000). Mean CCT was 205.60 μm on M1 and 210.20 μm on M2 with no significant difference (p = 0.90).Conclusions: SS OCT provides qualitative and quantitative analysis for the monitoring of the IG syndrome. It demonstrated improvement of the retinal measurements during the first 2 months with significant regression of the CRT, the SRDT and the DCS. Therefore, the choroid seems to be spared in the regeneration process.