Long Short-Term Memory Auto-Encoder-Based Position Prediction Model for Fixed-Wing UAV During Communication Failure

Abstract

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV's) safe flight is one of the most important tasks of ground control stations (GCS). However, sometimes due to communication failure between ground data terminal (GDT) and UAV, GCS is not able to ensure a safe flight, which could be hazardous. In such conditions, the accurate UAV position finding prediction becomes essential to serve as sustenance for UAVs. Hence, this article proposes a UAV's position finding prediction model using a deep neural network application for successfully pointing the GDT toward UAV in real time. The proposed work consists of three components, namely <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">data preprocessing</i> , <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">long short-term memory autoencoder</i> (LSTM-AE)- <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">based deep learning model</i> , and <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">mathematical formulation</i> to calculate the ground radar look angle. First, we use different preprocessing techniques on a historical raw dataset for better visualization and generate patterns. To achieve this, Tensor flow along with Keras packages have been used. Next, an LSTM autoencoder deep learning model is applied to the same dataset in order to predict an accurate 4-D position of the UAV. Finally, the output from the LSTM autoencoder model is used in a mathematical model to calculate the GDT look-angles called Azimuth and Elevation. Both the parameters have been used to point the GDT toward the predicted point on the Airspace. We evaluate our proposed model against famous evaluation matrices, namely mean absolute error, mean square error, and root-mean-square error to validate the experimental results.