Abstract
Dipolar Bose–Einstein condensates in an array of double-well potentials realize an effective transverse Ising model with peculiar inter-layer interactions, that may result under proper conditions in an anomalous first-order ferromagnetic–antiferromagnetic phase transition, and non-trivial phases due to frustration. The considered setup allows as well for the study of Kibble–Zurek defect formation, whose kink statistics follows that expected from the universality class of the mean-field one-dimensional transverse Ising model. Furthermore, random occupation of each layer of the stack leads to random effective Ising interactions and local transverse fields, that may lead to the Anderson-like localization of imbalance perturbations.
Highlights
A new generation of experiments with ultra-cold magnetic atoms [1,2,3,4], polar molecules [5,6,7,8], and Rydbergdressed atoms [9] are starting to reveal novel fascinating physics of dipolar gases
Whereas in the absence of dipole–dipole interactions (DDI), interparticle interactions in deep lattices reduce to on-site nonlinearity, the DDI result in inter-site interactions
We show that the associated defect formation follows the Kibble–Zurek (KZ) [33,34,35] scaling expected from the universality class of the mean-field one-dimensional transverse Ising model
Summary
Republic of China 7 Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstr. 2, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
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