Abstract
Skeletal muscle satellite cells are a class of undifferentiated mononuclear myogenic stem cells distributed between the myofibroblast and membrane basement. Since their development determines the development of skeletal muscles, knowledge of their proliferation, differentiation, and fate is vital for understanding skeletal muscle development. Increasing evidence have shown that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in regulating the development process of satellite cells. Based on the results of our previous studies, we screened lncRNA MSTRG.59589, which is highly expressed in skeletal muscle tissue. In the present study, knockdown of MSTRG.59589 significantly inhibited satellite cell differentiation at various time points, whereas overexpression of MSTRG.59589 demonstrated opposite effects. An MSTRG.59589 knockdown cell model was constructed for transcriptome sequencing, and RNA sequencing analysis screened out a large number of differentially expressed genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses of these differentially expressed genes revealed that they are mainly enriched in actin cytoskeleton, muscle contraction, and other pathways related to muscle development. Mechanistic analyses showed that MSTRG.59589 could promote the differentiation process of skeletal muscle satellite cells by positively regulating the expression level of the target gene PALLD. This experiment lays a theoretical foundation for deeper studies on the mechanism of MSTRG.59589 in the differentiation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells.
Highlights
The existence and development of skeletal muscles is a highly coordinated multistep biological process driven by paired box families, myogenic regulatory factors, and myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) family proteins (Berkes and Tapscott, 2005; Buckingham, 2006; Braun and Gautel, 2011; Yin et al, 2013)
To identify the potential role of MSTRG.59589 in porcine tissues, we examined the expression pattern of MSTRG.59589 in different tissues of large white male pigs less than 1-weekold via Quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR)
We found that MSTRG.59589 has significantly higher expression levels in the heart, kidney, and skeletal muscle than in other tissues (Figure 1A)
Summary
The existence and development of skeletal muscles is a highly coordinated multistep biological process driven by paired box families, myogenic regulatory factors, and myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) family proteins (Berkes and Tapscott, 2005; Buckingham, 2006; Braun and Gautel, 2011; Yin et al, 2013). LncRNA Promotes Differentiation by PALLD Enhancement myogenic stem cells attached to muscle fibers and located between the basement membrane and muscle fiber sarcolemma (Mauro, 1961). After appropriate stimulation, such as physical activity, satellite cells are activated and begin to proliferate. The Wnt signaling pathway is indispensable in promoting the activation and differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells (Fujimaki et al, 2014). The mTOR signaling pathway regulates the differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells by controlling the expression of myogenic genes (Zhang et al, 2015). Research on complex genetic networks, that related to the effects of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) on satellite cell differentiation, has just begun
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