Abstract
BackgroundBiphasic calcium phosphates (BCP) have attracted considerable attention as a bone graft substitute. In this study, BCP were prepared by aqueous co-precipitation and calcination method. The crystal phases of in-situ formed BCP consisting of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) were controlled by the degree of calcium deficiency of precursors. The long and short range order structures of biphasic mixtures was investigated using Rietveld refinement technique and high resolution Raman spectroscopy. The refined structural parameters of in-situ formed BCP confirmed that all the investigated structures have crystallized in the corresponding hexagonal (space group P63/m) and rhombohedral (space group R3c) structures.ResultsThe crystal phases, Ca/P molar ratio, and lattice parameters of in-situ formed BCP consisting of HAp and β-TCP were controlled by the degree of calcium deficiency of calcium phosphate precursors. The significant short range order structural change of BCP was determined by Raman analysis.ConclusionsThe long and short range order structural changes of in-situ formed BCP might be due to the coexistence of β-TCP and HAp crystal phases.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40824-015-0036-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP) have attracted considerable attention as a bone graft substitute
Methods β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), HAp, and BCP powders were synthesized by the co-precipitation and calcination process
HAp, β-TCP and in situ formed BCP powders were synthesized by the co-precipitation and calcination process
Summary
Biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP) have attracted considerable attention as a bone graft substitute. The crystal phases of in-situ formed BCP consisting of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) were controlled by the degree of calcium deficiency of precursors. Several researchers have recently attempted to develop BCP comprising HAp and β-TCP as well using various synthetic routes, such as the blending of different calcium phosphates in solid state reactions, precipitation, liquid mix techniques, treatment of natural bone, spray pyrolysis, and microwave and combustion processing [7–12]. BCP are usually produced either by the mechanical mixing and sintering of monophasic HAp/β-TCP powder mixtures (i.e., ex-situ formation) or by calcining of a single phase calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) powders (i.e., in-situ formation). Fundamental efforts to improve the biological response of in-situ formed BCP have recently based on studies of various biphasic controls of HAp/TCP ratios
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