Local Solutions against Head Lice: A Comparative Study in Nepalese Schools

Abstract

Background: Infestation by the human head louse Pediculus humanus var capitis is one of the most common parasitic conditions among children worldwide. Availabiliy of commercial products against head lice is often limited in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Different versions of homemade anti-lice solutions were assessed and compared. In addition, differences in results between using a metal louse comb and a plastic one were also evaluated. Method: In five schools of the Kathmandu Valley, 1,323 schoolchildren were screened for this study, designed as a comparative satisfaction survey. Theatre was used as a tool encourage an open dialogue on this much-stigmatized topic. Results: Out of 351 children affected by lice, 208 were included in the final analysis. In the group receiving the solution containing 5% of salt, vinegar, and a wetting agent, the proportion getting rid of head lice (parasite elimination-adults and nits) was 71,1% as compared to 56,8% with mustard oil (difference 14.4%, p-value=0,032). Among the two saline solutions tested, the one using 1% vinegar instead of 10% appeared just as effective, at less cost. Locally available plastic louse combs also appeared to be just as effective as the standard metal louse comb in eliminating head lice. Conclusions: This research programme showed that a product made with natural ingredients can satisfactorily combat head lice. At the same time theatre as a tool to neutralize the stigma accompanying head lice infestation may have helped in implementing the anti-lice program.