Abstract
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the clinical values, including clinicopathology, prognosis, and diagnosis of different long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). A total of 14 eligible studies, including 10 on clinicopathological features, 11 on prognosis, and 3 on diagnosis were identified. Results revealed that metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1(MALAT1) expression was associated with tumor stage (odds ratio [OR], 3.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.63-7.36; p=0.001). The high expression of MALAT1 could be considered a biomarker of the early detection of lymph node metastasis and predictor of poor survival in RCC patients, who likely manifested short overall survival (OS; hazard ratio [HR], 2.97; 95% CI, 1.68-5.28; p<0.001). For diagnostic value, the pooled result showed that lncRNA maintained a sensitivity of 0.89 and specificity of 0.91 in RCC diagnosis, The area under the curve of 0.94 (95% CI, 0.92-0.96) for lncRNA in RCC diagnosis also indicated a significant advantage over other biomarkers. Our systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that lncRNAs could be considered biomarkers to detect lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis in early stages. LncRNAs could function as potential prognostic markers in RCC. LncRNAs could also display high accuracy for RCC diagnosis.
Highlights
It is estimated that about 66,800 Chinese will suffer from kidney cancer in 2015, and about 23,400 Chinese will die from this cancer [1]
We found that detection process and ethnicity unlikely affect the diagnostic accuracy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
Increasing evidence showed that aberrant expression of Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) was associated with clinical outcomes for cancer patients
Summary
It is estimated that about 66,800 Chinese will suffer from kidney cancer in 2015, and about 23,400 Chinese will die from this cancer [1]. The incidence of renal cell carcinoma has rapidly increased [2]. RCC is the most common form of kidney cancer in adults, and clear cell RCC (ccRCC) is the most common subtype; patients with advanced RCC have a 5 year survival rate of < 30% [3]. Surgery is the gold standard for localized RCC; this strategy provides limited benefits for patients with locally advanced or metastatic RCC; Metastatic RCC is resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; as such, new therapeutic targets should be developed. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been extensively investigated because of their clinical usefulness and biological properties in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment
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