LMS value elements identification: Using the laddering technique

Abstract

Learning Management System (LMS) has been used widely in higher learning institution as a mechanism to aid in teaching and learning process. LMS application provides the platform to assist in communications between users, distributing lecture notes, and submitting assignments. It provides the engagement platform between instructor's and learner's. However analysis conducted highlighted that users are not engaged with the application resulting in users not responding actively towards the usage of the application. One of the main reasons is due to the design of LMS which was found to be non user-centric and limited capabilities in outreaching others outside the classroom. Further analysis conducted reveals that the root cause of the issues described is lack of co-creation value perspective embedded in LMS framework during the designing process. Therefore this paper conducted proposed values that is important to the users based on co-creation process as values are usually overlooked and left out during LMS development. The method used is based on Means-End Chain Theory which focuses on open-ended semi-structure interview. The interview is structured according to soft-laddering technique to obtain constructs (elements) of values. In other words the work focused on identifying values that drives users towards active participation in the LMS. Using SPIN ( Sistem Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Interaktif) as a case study, the findings indicate the values identified provides users with the sense of accomplishment in education, self-directed and responsibility and provides the engagement platform to the users As such the values captured should be embedded in any LMS design as it will provide a better engagement process that will encourage users to use LMS more effectively.