Abstract
Simple SummaryA total of 84% of the autochthonous livestock breeds in Spain are in danger of extinction. This decline is mainly produced because they are not very productive and the farmers have been oriented to the most productive breeds, neglecting the rest. There are many factors that push us to conserve autochthonous breeds with little census. These animals are very adapted to their environment, so they are the ones that best exploit the geographical characteristics of their area; besides, their products have a high quality and these breeds have very beneficial genetic components: they are a source of very useful and not sufficiently known gene variants that make them a genetic heritage of undoubted value. If they become extinct, we would be losing an irreplaceable genetic quality. Rubia de El Molar sheep, an autochthonous breed of Madrid, Spain, is currently in serious danger of disappearing. In this work, the meat quality of lambs from Rubia de El Molar breed was studied to test both weight and sex effects on meat quality, assessed by means of instrumental methods. This is the first work that studies the instrumental quality of Rubia de El Molar suckling lamb meat.The effects of sex and weight on instrumental meat quality characteristics of Rubia de El Molar autochthonous ovine breed were studied. Four weight groups (10, 15, 20 and 25 kg, each of the groups with seven males and seven females) were assessed. A decrease of longissimus thoracis muscle (LT) lightness from 43.39 for 10 kg lambs to 38.84 for 25 kg group was observed. LT redness and yellowness indices and chromaticity values increased as weight increased. The percentage of juice expelled increased from 11.52 (10 kg) to 17.15 (15 kg). The percentage of intramuscular fat in biceps femoris (BF) and supraespinatus (SE) muscles increased as weight increased. Warner–Bratzler shear force (WBSF) in raw meat and hardness in cooked meat increased as liveweight increased. However, a decrease in the amount of soluble collagen in quadriceps femoris (QF), biceps femoris (BF) and infraespinatus (IE) muscles was observed as weight increased. Sex effect was only observed for intramuscular fat content in QF and BF muscles (2.4% in males and 2.9 in females) and WBSF in raw meat (26.12 N for males and 21.25 N for females). Weight had a greater effect than sex on Rubia de El Molar meat quality characteristics.
Highlights
IntroductionRubia de El Molar sheep, an autochthonous breed of Madrid (Spain), is currently in serious danger of disappearing [1]
Weight (Table 1) influences the pH of the longissimus thoracis muscle (LT) muscle of Rubia de El Molar ovine breed after 24 h of cooling at 4 ◦ C
Our results showed that the Soluble collagen (SC) values obtained in the three muscles studied in the Rubia de El Molar meat were similar both in males and females and no statistically significant differences were found between sexes
Summary
Rubia de El Molar sheep, an autochthonous breed of Madrid (Spain), is currently in serious danger of disappearing [1]. Local indigenous breeds (like Rubia de El Molar) have suffered years of neglect, which has led in some cases to their disappearance, with a loss of a gross genetic potential, and a part of our history. The big problem was its low productivity. This situation resulted in a systematic and indiscriminate crossbreeding with animals of other, more producing breeds. There are currently only ten herds that raise animals of this ovine breed in Madrid and in the world [1]. In addition to Imidra’s herd, only one other herd exclusively raises animals from the Rubia de el Molar breed
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