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Abstract
The livestock and poultry sectors are an integral part of Nepalese economy and lifestyle. Livestock and poultry populations have continuously been increasing in the last decade in Nepal and are likely to follow that trend as the interests in this field is growing. Infectious diseases such as Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR), hemorrhagic septicemia (HS), black quarter (BQ), swine fever, avian influenza, and Newcastle disease (ND) constitute one of the major health challenges to the Nepalese livestock and poultry industry. Vaccinations are an efficient means of preventing the occurrence and spread of several diseases in animals and birds. Considering this fact, the government of Nepal began the production of veterinary vaccines in the 1960s. Nepal is self-reliant in producing several vaccines for cattle and buffaloes, sheep and goats, pigs, and poultry. Despite these efforts, the demand for vaccines is not met, especially in the commercial poultry sector, as Nepal spends billions of rupees in vaccine imports each year. There is a need of strengthening laboratory facilities for the isolation and characterization of field strains of pathogens and capacity building for the production of different types of vaccines using the latest technologies to be self-reliant in veterinary vaccine production in the future in Nepal.
Highlights
Paklihawa Campus, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Tribhuvan University, National Vaccine Production Laboratory, Department of Livestock Services, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal; Veterinary Standards and Drug Regulatory Laboratory, Budhanilkantha, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal;
A tremendous decline in the import of hemorrhagic septicemia (HS)+black quarter (BQ), HS+BQ+Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), and swine fever vaccines observed in Nepal in the last five years were attributed to the increased production of these vaccines by the NVPL, which was cheaper and more available
The past decade observed a tremendous growth of livestock and poultry productivity in Nepal, and the trend is likely to follow in the future
Summary
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), livestock production accounts for. Owing to the population growth, the FAO estimates that the demand for livestock-related products will increase by more than 50% by 2050, and it will be mainly driven by the increased demands in Africa and South Asia [1]. These facts highlight that countries should invest in their livestock sector development. A tremendous growth was observed in poultry population (Table 1) and production (Table 2) in the past decade in Nepal, which has resulted in the independent contribution of the poultry sector in the national GDP by about 4% [7]. Given the cash-generating nature of the livestock sector and increased availability of trainings and infrastructures from the government and nongovernmental sectors, interest in the livestock sector in Nepal is likely to increase in the coming years, resulting in increased livestock population and productivity
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