Liver Transcriptome Response to Heat Stress in Beijing You Chickens and Guang Ming Broilers.

Astrid Lissette Barreto Sánchez,Qinghe Li,Guiping Zhao,Qiao Wang,Jin Zhang,Jie Wen,Mamadou Thiam,Na Zhang,Zixuan Wang,Qi Zhang

doi:10.3390/genes13030416

Astrid Lissette Barreto Sánchez, Qinghe Li + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13030416

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Abstract

Heat stress is one of the most prevalent issues in poultry production that reduces performance, robustness, and economic gains. Previous studies have demonstrated that native chickens are more tolerant of heat than commercial breeds. However, the underlying mechanisms of the heat tolerance observed in native chicken breeds remain unelucidated. Therefore, we performed a phenotypical, physiological, liver transcriptome comparative analysis and WGCNA in response to heat stress in one native (Beijing You, BY) and one commercial (Guang Ming, GM) chicken breed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the heat tolerance and identify the potential driver and hub genes related to heat stress in these two genetically distinct chicken breeds. In brief, 80 BY and 60 GM, 21 days old chickens were submitted to a heat stress experiment for 5 days (33 °C, 8 h/day). Each breed was divided into experimental groups of control (Ctl) and heat stress (HS). The results showed that BY chickens were less affected by heat stress and displayed reduced DEGs than GM chickens, 365 DEGs and 382 DEGs, respectively. The transcriptome analysis showed that BY chickens exhibited enriched pathways related to metabolism activity, meanwhile GM chickens’ pathways were related to inflammatory reactions. CPT1A and ANGPTL4 for BY chickens, and HSP90B1 and HSPA5 for GM chickens were identified as potential candidate genes associated with HS. The WGCNA revealed TLR7, AR, BAG3 genes as hub genes, which could play an important role in HS. The results generated in this study provide valuable resources for studying liver transcriptome in response to heat stress in native and commercial chicken lines.

Highlights

Global warming is one of the most serious issues facing the Earth, increasing global temperature leading to climate change, which influences human health and causes complications in animal production [1]
Beijing You (BY) and Guang Ming No 2 broiler line B (GM, new broiler breed bred in China) female chickens were used in this study, involving a total of 140 (80 BY and 60 GM) 21 days old birds
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Summary

Introduction

Global warming is one of the most serious issues facing the Earth, increasing global temperature leading to climate change, which influences human health and causes complications in animal production [1]. The optimum temperature for handling most birds is between 18 and 20 degrees Celsius, and an increase in this temperature can negatively affect growth rate, productivity, and other biochemical characteristics [2,3,4]. This rise of temperature combined with humidity and other factors during prolonged hot weather results in heat stress [5,6,7]. Heat stress’s influence on chicken production has been thoroughly examined, especially in broiler breeders [12] and laying commercial hens [13,14]

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