Abstract
Liver diseases pose a serious problem for national health care system all over the world. Liver regeneration has profound impacts on the occurrence and development of various liver diseases, and it remains an extensively studied topic. Although current knowledge has suggested two major mechanisms for liver regeneration, including compensatory hyperplasia of hepatocytes and stem or progenitor cell-mediated regeneration, the complexity of this physiopathological process determines that its effective regulation cannot be achieved by single-target or single-component approaches. Alternatively, using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to regulate liver regeneration is an important strategy for prevention and treatment of liver disorder and the related diseases. From the perspectives of TCM, liver regeneration can be caused by the disrupted balance between hepatic damage and regenerative capacity, and the “marrow”-based approaches have important therapeutic implications for liver regeneration. These two points have been massively supported by a number of basic studies and clinical observations during recent decades. TCM has the advantages of overall dynamic fine-tuning and early adjustment, and has exhibited enormous therapeutic benefits for various liver diseases. Here, we review the recent advances in the understanding of liver regeneration in TCM system in the hope of facilitating the application of TCM for liver diseases via regulation of liver regeneration.
Highlights
It has been one of the directions that academic community strives to prevent and treat liver diseases from the perspective of internal mechanism of human body, and more attention has been gained in recent years
Studies have found that the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound preparation Diwu Yanggan Capsule is able to promote the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells and intrahepatic oval cells in 2-AAF/PH model rats at the early and middle stages, which is conducive to liver regeneration and repair [71]
Its mechanism may be to inhibit the transformation of bone marrow stem cells into liver cancer stem cells, promote the regeneration and repair of hepatocytes, inhibit the excessive proliferation of oval cells, regulate the imbalance of EMT/MET, affect the expression of proteins in JAK/STAT and Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk signaling pathways, and improve the liver regeneration microenvironment [72,73,74]
Summary
It has been one of the directions that academic community strives to prevent and treat liver diseases from the perspective of internal mechanism of human body, and more attention has been gained in recent years. Due to the functional characteristics of multi-target, multi-level and multisystem of the overall dynamic fine-tuning adjustment, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gradually been a research hotspot, especially given that it can meet the needs of regulating liver regeneration in multi-aspects, complexity and fickleness [4]. We present a brief review of the general cellular and molecular mechanisms of liver regeneration followed by detailed discussion on the. Zhang et al.: Regen Med Res 2020, 8, 1 recognition of liver regeneration in TCM theoretical system and its therapeutic implications
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