Abstract
Coastal livelihoods in Indonesia have undergone significant transitions, communities historically reliant on forests have shifted their focus toward coastal and marine resources. However, research has largely overlooked the historical progression of these livelihoods and the persistent challenges. This study examines the historical transition from mountain to coastal and the current conditions of livelihoods in Eastern Indonesia. The study conducted in Nampar Sepang Village in Sambi Rampas District, East Manggarai. Using a qualitative approach, we conducted Focus Group Discussion (FGDs) and In-Depth Interviews with 12 randomly selected key informants to gather insights into the evolving nature of livelihood activities. The results reveal that while agriculture and forest-based activities remain vital, fishing has emerged as a significant livelihood component, especially during the fishing season. Households now strategically combine low-risk activities, like sea foraging, with higher-risk investments in commercial farming or livestock, allowing them to buffer against uncertainties while maximizing returns. This combination of livelihood strategies demonstrates an adaptive and forward-looking approach, where past experiences inform current practices. By fostering diverse yet complementary livelihood portfolios, rural households not only sustain themselves but also contribute to the broader goals of sustainable rural development.
Published Version
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