Abstract
The vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) technology based on the approved IEEE 802.11p standard and the appendant inter-vehicle communication (IVC) has the potential to dramatically change the way transportation systems work. The fundamental idea is to change the individual behavior of each vehicle by exchanging information among traffic participants to realize a cooperative and more efficient transportation system. Certainly, the evaluation of such systems is a comprehensive and challenging task in a real world test bed, therefore, simulation frameworks are a key tool to analyze IVC. Several models are needed to emulate the real behavior of a VANET in all aspects as much realistically as necessary. The intention of this survey is to provide a comprehensive overview of publications concerning IVC simulations of the year 2013 and to see how IVC simulation has changed since 2009. Based on this analysis, we will answer the following questions: What simulation techniques are applied to IVC? Which aspects of IVS have been evaluated? What has changed within five years of IVC simulations? We also take a closer look at commonly used software tools and discuss their functionality and drawbacks. Finally, we present open questions concerning IVC simulations.
Highlights
Looking at the development and utilization of information technology in vehicles, we can see an enormous progress and development during the last decades
Our study probably presents a less positive summary of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) simulations publications compared to reality
We believe most researchers are certainly aware that the degrees of freedom we have discussed in Sections 3.1 to 3.4 are important to consider for inter-vehicle communication (IVC)
Summary
Looking at the development and utilization of information technology in vehicles, we can see an enormous progress and development during the last decades. Apart from the latter, not a core element of ITS applications, the corresponding protocol mechanisms are based on beacons for vehicular safety and on multi-hop routing and forwarding schemes in case of traffic information At this point, we want to exclude advanced techniques like further mobile communication systems or background Internet cloud services to the benefit of a clear focus on the VANET communication. It would be difficult to independently control and repeat these experiments, too For this reason, simulation frameworks are an important alternative for the development and evaluation process of inter-vehicle communication protocols. Simulation frameworks are an important alternative for the development and evaluation process of inter-vehicle communication protocols It is a simple task in case of a simulation to repeat an experiment several times to evaluate the stability of the system under varying conditions or to test several protocols in the same situation to compare them. We conclude this overview by presenting still remaining open questions in the field of ITS/IVC
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