Abstract
The liquisolid technique is a novel approach for delivery of drugs through the oral route. This technique is suitable for poorly soluble or water insoluble drugs, highly permeable drugs (BCS Class II drugs) and also for immediate or sustained release formulations. It is a novel "Powder Solution Technology" that involves absorption and adsorption efficiencies, making use of liquid medications, drug suspensions admixed with suitable carriers, coating materials and formulated into free flowing, dry looking, non-adherent and compressible powder forms. The design of liquisolid systems are mainly intended for enhancement of solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble and highly lipophilic drugs. Improvement in bioavailability may be due to increased surface area, increased aqueous solubility and increased the wettability of the drug. Liquisolid technique also has the potential to be optimized for the reduction of drug dissolution rate and thereby production of sustained release systems. Overall, liquisolid technique is a most promising and novel technique for enhancing the dissolution and bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs and sustaining drug release from tablet matrices. The current review mainly focuses on theory and applicability of liquisolid compact technique towards solubility or bioavailability enhancement. Different carriers, solvents and coating materials employed are elucidated. Literature reports on the applicability of liquisolid compact techniques over a wide range of pharmaceutical formulations are also explicated.
Highlights
Out of the numerous challenges in the design of pharmaceutical dosage forms, the most important is the solubility enhancement of poorly water-soluble drugs and improvement of bioavailability [1]
Parts of solvent required to dissolve one part of solute Less than 1 More than 1 but less than 10 More than 10 but less than 30 More than 30 but less than 100 More than 100 but less than1000 More than 1000 but less than 10,000 More than 10,000. Those belonging to the BCS class II and IV, dissolve poorly, slowly, and irregularly and possess serious delivery challenges like the incomplete release of drug from the dosage form, poor bioavailability of drug and high inter-patient variability [5]
The carriers and coating materials required to prepare the liquisolid system decreases with increase in the solubility of the drug in a non-volatile solvent [16]
Summary
Out of the numerous challenges in the design of pharmaceutical dosage forms, the most important is the solubility enhancement of poorly water-soluble drugs and improvement of bioavailability [1]. The liquisolid technique is a novel and most promising technique for improving the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs In this technique with the use of carrier and coating materials the liquid form of drug converted into dry looking, non-adherent, free flowing, and directly compressible powder. The carriers and coating materials required to prepare the liquisolid system decreases with increase in the solubility of the drug in a non-volatile solvent [16]. Orodispersible tablets were prepared by using propylene glycol, avicel PH-102 and aerosil 200 as a non-volatile solvent, carrier material and coating material respectively and various types of super disintegrating agents such as croscarmellose sodium, sodium starch glycolate, and crospovidone to facilitate faster disintegration of the liquisolid compact. The overall results showed that among the three superdisintegrants, crospovidone was the best super disintegrant showing the shortest disintegration time while loading factor of 0.125 was the best in the preparing of zolmitriptan liquidsolid orodispersible tablets [26]
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