Abstract

In this chapter we will consider the principal methods of chromatography in which a packed column is used with a liquid moving phase. We are here grouping together a number of different physical systems, and the common feature is the practical technique which is used; the broad sub-divisions were described in Chapter 1. The solid column packing may be itself the stationary phase (adsorption or ion-exchange chromatography) or the packing may be the support for a liquid stationary phase (partition chromatography). In practice the term ‘adsorption chromatography’ is restricted to cases where adsorption is principally by van der Waals forces, and ‘ion-exchange chromatography’ is used when the packing is an ion-exchange material and adsorption is principally by electrostatic forces. The newer technique of gel chromatography (gel filtration), where the stationary phase is a porous gel and the separation is according to molecular size, is included in this chapter because the methods used are commonly those of conventional column chromatography.

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