Liquid-Liquid Extraction from Drops which is Accompanied by Chemical Reaction

Abstract

In the previous paper it was shown that the rates of extraction, accompanied by chemical reaction, across an unbroken interface, could be reasonably correlated as expressed by Eqs. (1), (2) and (3).In this papar, mass transfer accompanied by rapid chemical reaction is studied to make clear the liquid-liquid extraction of acetic and butyric acids from solvent drops. Experimental apparatus is made of glass without any rubber, which contains poisonous matter slightly soluble in KOH aqueous solution into which acetic and butyric acids are to be transferred. Conclusions arrived at may be summarized as follows:(1) In the case of acetic acid transfer from benzene drops, the transfer rates do not increase with the addition of KOH in the aqueous phase, but rather, they decrease at a certain value of q (Fig. 2).(2) It is made clear that this decrease in transfer rate is not caused by the contamination with the poisonous substances such as reported previously, and that wherever it occurs, the value of q/CB is found to be constant.(3) In the case of butyric acid transfer from benzene drops, the extraction rate increases with the increase in the value of q, because the resistance in the aqueous solution decreases with the addition of KOH, but above a certain value of q, the extraction rate decreases for the same reason given above. Therefore, the extraction rates can be expressed by q/CB in three stages as given in Fig. 6.a) When the rate is increasing. b) When the rate is decreasing.c) When the rate is constant.(4) In the case of other solvents such as hexane, methyl-isobutyl-keton, isopropyl ether and butyl acetate, the extraction rates are classified, according to the value of m (distribution coefficient of the system), into two types described above for acetic and butyric acids transfer.