Liquid nitrogen fertilization on the yield and phenologic variables of narrow-row cotton

Eder Eujácio Da Silva,Simone Pereira Da Silva Baio,Paulo Eduardo Teodoro,Danilo Carvalho Neves,Denis De Matos Silva,Fabio Henrique Rojo Baio,Cid Naudi Da Silva Campos

doi:10.14393/bj-v36n6a2020-48156

Eder Eujácio Da Silva, Simone Pereira Da Silva Baio + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.14393/bj-v36n6a2020-48156

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Abstract

Slow-release liquid nitrogen fertilizer sources have been around since 1970. However, this technique is not widely used in the field, probably due to the low cost per ton of nitrogen in the solid form. This study aimed to evaluate the combination of the conventional and slow-release nitrogen fertilization on the yield and phenological variables in a narrow-row cotton crop. Treatments consisted of the combination of the nitrogen fertilizer applied as topdressing in solid form (via soil) and pulverized in the liquid form (via urea formaldehyde - UF): 0% of solid N + 0% of liquid N (0S0L); 100% of solid N + 0% of liquid N (100S0L); 75% of solid N + 25% of liquid N (75S25L); 50% of solid N + 50% of liquid N (50S50L); 25% of solid N + 75% of liquid N (25S75L); e 0% of solid N + 100% of liquid N (0S100L). The cotton crop was phenotypically evaluated at 35, 70, and 130 DAE (Days after emergence) and at the harvest time. The variation between the source of the solid nitrogen fertilizer applied to the soil (ammonium nitrate) and the liquid Nitrogen fertilizer applied by spraying (UF) affects the phenology, physiology, and yield components of the narrow-row cotton crop. The highest yield of the narrow-row cotton crop under the experimental conditions was achieved when 25% of the dose of the solid nitrogen fertilizer was applied as topdressing via soil, and 75% of the dose of the slow-release nitrogen fertilizer was sprayed. This technique provides higher profitability of the produced cotton in relation to the conventional application of the N solid fertilizer via soil.

Highlights

Among the cotton species grown in Brazil, upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum var. latifolium Hutch) stands out for the production volume and value and the high use of inputs, such as correctives, fertilizers, herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, and growth regulators (FREIRE, 2015)
Urea applied to the surface without incorporation is the most common procedure of solid N fertilization (FREIRE, 2015)
This study aimed to evaluate the combination of conventional and slow-release nitrogen fertilizers on yield and phenological traits of a narrow-row cotton crop

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Among the cotton species grown in Brazil, upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum var. latifolium Hutch) stands out for the production volume and value and the high use of inputs, such as correctives, fertilizers, herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, and growth regulators (FREIRE, 2015). Cotton yield reduced in the treatment that received 100% of the dose of N applied via UF This result might have been due to the excess of N availability to the crop since the academic base for N application as topdressing is experimentally carried out with solid fertilization via soil and not with liquid N via slow-release UF. This technique can be used to reduce the production cost by applying the required amount of N according to the variability of the vegetation index since fertilizers are one of the most costly inputs for the cotton crop.

New York

Findings

Brasilia