Abstract
Liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) for quaternary systems of (water+1-propanol+KCl+NH4Cl) and (water+1-butanol+KCl+NH4Cl) were investigated at 298.15K. Variation of phase behavior was studied by two integrated phase diagrams, the solvation abilities of salts and the polarities of alcohols. Binodal curves were fitted by three-parameter equation at different salt (KCl and NH4Cl) mass-fraction rations (0/1, 1/3, 1/1, 3/1 and 1/0). Tie-lines data of four related ternary systems (salt mass-fraction ratios 0/1 and 1/0) were successfully described by Othmer–Tobias and Hand equations, while the tie-lines data and saturated equilibrium data of quaternary systems (salt mass-fraction ratios 1/3, 1/1, 3/1) were correlated using the modified Eisen–Joffe equation.
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