Abstract
Background : Thyroid hormones play an indispensable role in various metabolic processes in the human body. Thyroid disorders other than iodine deficiency disorders in the form of thyroiditis, hypothyroidism or autoimmune thyroid dysfunctions are on rise. Objective : This study was done to study the prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia in patients with thyroid dysfunction. Methods : It is a retrospective study based on the available biochemical data of 50 thyroid patients (33 females and 17 males) with age range of 26-68 years. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) triiodothyronine (T 3 ), thyroxine (T 4 ) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), were measured using standard assays procedures. Results: The results showed that 82% of the study population has hypothyroidism with the higher prevalence among females. The mean values of T 3 , T 4 and TSH in patients with thyroid dysfunction were 0.8 0.05 ng/ml, 4.2 0.5 mg/dl and 9.45 1.2 mIU/ml, respectively. The mean values of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and VLDL-C were 222.4 3.8 mg/dl, 180.3 8.2 mg/dl, 35.6 1.3 mg/dl, 151.6 6.2 mg/dl and 36.5 2.6 mg/dl respectively in patients with hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism shows significant positive correlation with TC, TG and LDL. Results show that even a slight increase in serum TSH showed significant dyslipidemia. Conclusion : This study suggests that regular monitoring of lipid level in patients with thyroid dysfunction would be helpful in preventing cardiovascular diseases.
Highlights
Thyroid dysfunction is one of the common endocrinopathy encountered in practice, which affects the basal metabolic rate of the individual.[1]
Results of serum lipid profile showed that the mean values for total cholesterol (TC), TG, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were 222.4 ± 3.8 mg/dl, 180.3 ± 8.2 mg/dl, 35.6 ± 1.3 mg/dl, 151.6 ± 6..2 mg/dl and 36.5 ± 2.6 mg/dl, respectively (Table 3)
Hypothyroidism was found in 82%, while hypercholesterolemia was found in 92% of the individuals (Table 4)
Summary
Thyroid dysfunction is one of the common endocrinopathy encountered in practice, which affects the basal metabolic rate of the individual.[1]. Excess production leads to hyperthyroidism while diminished production leads to hypothyroidism They affect synthesis, mobilization and degradation of lipids, degradation is influenced more than synthesis.[4] Thyroid dysfunction hypothyroidism is associated with dyslipidemia which increase the risk of hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and cardiovascular diseases.[5] Prominent cardiovascular features such as tachycardia, arrhythmias, congestive cardiac failure, and systolic hypertension are well recognized manifestations of thyrotoxicosis. Objective: This study was done to study the prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia in patients with thyroid dysfunction. The mean values of T3, T4 and TSH in patients with thyroid dysfunction were 0.8 ± 0.05 ng/ml, 4.2 ± 0.5 g/dl and 9.45 ± 1.2 mIU/ml, respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that regular monitoring of lipid level in patients with thyroid dysfunction would be helpful in preventing cardiovascular diseases.
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