Abstract
The total amount of bio-waste produced annually in the EU by the food and beverage chains is estimated at 37 billion kg. The use of insects for the valorization of by-products from these value chains may represent a sustainable solution. This study aimed to investigate the by-products obtained from different food chains and used for the rearing of black soldier fly (BSF) prepupae, and to evaluate the content and profile of the lipid extracted from the prepupae and outline its possible applications. The substrates used in this experiment were: (i) industrial by-products (brewery spent grains, cows' milk whey, grape stalks, and tomato peels and seeds) and (ii) by-products from retailers (bread dough, fish scraps, and spent coffee ground). Fat extracted from prepupae using an adjusted Folch method was used for total lipid content and fatty acid profile. The best larval performances were obtained from beer (0.22 gweight per prepupa), tomato (0.19 gweight per prepupa), and cheese (0.14 gweight per prepupa) food-chain by-products. The extremely different compositions of the substrates were reflected in the differentiated lipid profile of the BSF prepupae and in the range of ratios between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids, which varied from 0.37 for cows' milk whey to 1.34 for tomato peels and seeds. The lipids, proteins, and chitin extracted from prepupae are high-value bio-based products that could be used in the feed / food industry or for the development of innovative biomaterials, such as biodiesel. These results suggest that food-chain by-products are the best candidates for insect-bioconversion purposes. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
Highlights
Waste management is one of the main problems the world population has been facing in modern times.[1,2] The amount of organic biodegradable waste produced by the European Union (EU) is estimated at 76-102 Mtons per year of food and gardening waste, included in the solid undifferentiated municipal waste.[3]
The present study aims at assessing the lipid content and fatty acids composition of BSF prepupae reared on different food by-products to outline its prospective applications
The BSF larvae grown on brewery by-products, cow’s milk whey, and tomato peels and seeds, along with those grown on the control substrate, reached at least 50% of living specimens throughout the experiments
Summary
Waste management is one of the main problems the world population has been facing in modern times.[1,2] The amount of organic biodegradable waste produced by the EU is estimated at 76-102 Mtons per year of food and gardening waste, included in the solid undifferentiated municipal waste.[3] The amount of waste brought about by food and beverage companies reaches 37 Mtons per year and is often considered a net loss.[3] This loss may originate from different stages in the food-chain: production scraps of agro-food industry, discards due to commercial or aesthetical reasons or close to an imminent expiration date, and goods unsold by retailers and vending companies.[4]. The total amount of bio-waste produced annually in the EU by the food and beverage chains is estimated at 37 Mtons. This study aims at investigating the by-products obtained from different food chains for the rearing of black soldier fly prepupae to evaluate lipid content and profile and outline its possible applications. Fat extracted from prepupae using an adjusted Folch method was utilized for total lipid content and fatty acids profile
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