Lipid Profile Abnormalities and Their Association with Covid-19 Severity among Patients Admitted at Covid-19 Center in Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Current studies have presented and analyzed epidemiological, clinical and clinical laboratory features COVID-19 Patients. Studies suggests that patients with severe COVID-19 shows unregulated lipid metabolism and profile but adequate information is not available concerning the association of lipid parameter features with severity of disease its outcome in Ethiopia. Objective: This study aims to determine the magnitude of lipid profile abnormalities and association of COVID-19 outcome among admitted patients at Millennium COVID-19 care center in Ethiopia. Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted among COVID-19 admitted patients to investigate lipid profile parameters from January 2021- June 2021. A total of 500 patients confirmed with COVID-19 infection by RT-PCR were included. Dynamic alteration in lipid profiles were recorded and tracked. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. P value <0.05 was considered significantly associated. Result: The median age of the 500 study participants was 55.58+7.707 years, and from these 71.3% of patients were males. This study found that high-density Lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and Total Cholesterol levels were significantly higher in the severe and Critical disease category. The total cholesterol results showed that significantly higher 25 (5.38%) in severe infection cases than that, (17 (3.4%), 12(2.4%) and 5 (1%) in moderate, mild and critical cases consecutively (P<0.000). Whereas, patients with severe infection had slightly lower of HDL than Mild and moderate infection cases (P=0.000 and P=0.000) respectively. Moreover, a significant decrement in the level of TG was detected in severe infection cases compared to mild and moderate cases (P=0.0001). Hence, the higher TG/HDL-C ratio (3.754) was found in severe infection cases, compared with mild and moderate infection (P=0.001 and P=0.002) respectively. Conclusion: Lipid function biomarkers like CHO, TG and LDL serum value was found elevated among severe than other patients. Lipid Metabolism biomarkers are a candidate for predicting COVID-19 disease severity in order to guide clinical care and general Public