Lipid-Lowering Effect of the Pleurotus eryngii (King Oyster Mushroom) Polysaccharide from Solid-State Fermentation on Both Macrophage-Derived Foam Cells and Zebrafish Models.

Hua Wei,Shizhu Zhang,Shang Yue,Ling Lu

doi:10.3390/polym10050492

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is a key risk factor in inducing fatty liver, hypertension, atherosclerosis and cerebrovascular diseases. Previous studies have verified that polysaccharides from fruiting bodies (PEPE) of Pleurotus eryngii (king oyster mushroom) are capable of decreasing the lipid content. In this study, the P. eryngii polysaccharide is obtained by solid-state fermentation (PESF) using lignocellulosic wastes, corn-cobs and wheat bran. The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assays indicate that PESF has a similar composition to that of PEPE. Meanwhile, PESF has no detectable toxicity and is able to significantly inhibit foam-cell formation in murine macrophage cells (RAW264.7) induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Further verification indicates that PESF has lipid-lowering effects during the lipid absorption phase in a zebrafish hyperlipidemia model. Our findings suggest that the P. eryngii polysaccharide from solid-state fermentation (PESF) can be used as a valuable lipid-lowering food additive or raw materials for producing lipid-lowering drugs.

Highlights

Hyperlipidemia is the most common form of dyslipidemia and is a key risk factor in inducing fatty liver, hypertension, atherosclerosis and cerebrovascular disease
The purity and the component of polysaccharide is obtained by solid-state fermentation (PESF) was analysed by a full-wavelength scanning and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) respectively, using polysaccharides from P. eryngii fruiting bodies as REVIEW
The results suggest that the zebrafish larvae hyperlipidemia model can be created with zebrafish of 6 d.p.f. by feeding high-cholesterol diet (HCD) for

Summary

Introduction

Hyperlipidemia is the most common form of dyslipidemia and is a key risk factor in inducing fatty liver, hypertension, atherosclerosis and cerebrovascular disease. The current clinically used hypolipidemic drugs, such as statins, fibrates, and niacin, often cause undesirable adverse effects including myopathy, rhab-domyolysis, and polyneuropathy, which still need to be overcome [1]. The interest in potential natural lipid-lowering compounds obtained from edible mushrooms has increased in recent years. Edible and medicinal mushrooms have a long history of use in folk medicines and health foods in most Asian countries [2]. Extensive studies have revealed that these fungi have many specific bioactive compounds with anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic, and immune-stimulating activities. Many lines of evidence have identified mushrooms’

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