Abstract
Abstract: Connexin (Cx) hemichannels (HC) located at the plasma membrane have a very low open probability, but under physiological conditions they can briefly open, allowing passage of both ions and small signaling molecules, thereby participating in the control of diverse cellular responses. Cx43, 46 and 50 are expressed in human lens and are essential to maintaining its transparency, since mutations in the genes coding for these Cxs have been identified, inducing the development of different types of cataracts. However, non-congenital cataracts may result from consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). While the consumption of omega-6 PUFAs, such as linoleic acid (ω-6LA) has been associated with development of cataracts, intake of omega-3linolenic acid (ω-3LA) has been associated with their decline. Here, we report the effects of ω-6LA and ω-3LA on HCs in HeLa cells that express Cx43, Cx46 or Cx50. Bath application of ω-6LA or ω-3LA induces opening of HCs (measured as Ethidium uptake) formed by Cx43, Cx46 or Cx50in HeLa cells and also in human lens epithelial cell line (HLE) that expresses endogenously Cx46 and Cx50 HCs, in a concentration- dependent manner and inhibited by HC blockers such as Lanthanum. Both PUFAs also increased the membrane current mediated by these HCs measured by patch clamp assays in the whole cell configuration in both cell types. Since PUFAs have demonstrated cytotoxic effects in HLE and also in organotypic cultures of bovine lens epithelial cells, their effect on HCs might be relevant to development and prevention of cataracts.
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