Abstract
A DC cable short-circuit fault is the most severe fault type that occurs in DC distribution networks, having a negative impact on transmission equipment and the stability of system operation. When a short-circuit fault occurs in a DC distribution network based on a voltage source converter (VSC), an in-depth analysis and characterization of the fault is of great significance to establish relay protection, devise fault current limiters and realize fault location. However, research on short-circuit faults in VSC-based low-voltage DC (LVDC) systems, which are greatly different from high-voltage DC (HVDC) systems, is currently stagnant. The existing research in this area is not conclusive, with further study required to explain findings in HVDC systems that do not fit with simulated results or lack thorough theoretical analyses. In this paper, faults are divided into transient- and steady-state faults, and detailed formulas are provided. A more thorough and practical theoretical analysis with fewer errors can be used to develop protection schemes and short-circuit fault locations based on transient- and steady-state analytic formulas. Compared to the classical methods, the fault analyses in this paper provide more accurate computed results of fault current. Thus, the fault location method can rapidly evaluate the distance between the fault and converter. The analyses of error increase and an improved handshaking method coordinating with the proposed location method are presented.
Highlights
In recent years, distributed generation has been promoted on a large scale, primarily for DC current systems
Considerable errors arise in fault current computation and estimated time when voltage reaches zero in high-voltage DC (HVDC) system is unsuitable for low-voltage DC (LVDC) system as the and fault location if analyzed results in [4] continue to be adopted
Because the location method based on stage 1 in [4] is inaccurate, this paper proposed a fault
Summary
In recent years, distributed generation has been promoted on a large scale, primarily for DC current systems. As the theoretical basis for fault location and current-limiting technology, papers examining short-circuit faults or ground fault analyses in VSC-based DC networks are still inadequate. Most of these papers’ results are based on numerical simulation tests, lacking theoretical analysis. The traveling wave location method is difficult to adopt in a distribution network with short cables because the demanded sampling frequency is too high Some papers, such as [4,26], previously referred to the fault analysis results and determined the fault distance by solving for the parameters of resistance and inductance. The faultparameters location method, data on the location results, are error analysisinand coordination with other
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