Abstract
The review presents modern advances in the synthesis of biodegradable polymers based on lactide of various topologies and also analyzes the main methods for preparation of nanoparticles that show promise for the creation of targeted drug delivery systems.
Highlights
Polymeric nanoparticles and microparticles are a promising platform for the development of targeted and prolonged-release therapeutic systems
This review summarizes the published data on methods for the synthesis of biodegradable polymers based on lactide of various topologies as well as on the main technologies for formulation of nanostructures for use in targeted drug delivery systems
The last decade has witnessed a marked rise of interest in biodegradable polyesters for use in medicine and pharmaceuticals
Summary
Polymeric nanoparticles and microparticles are a promising platform for the development of targeted and prolonged-release therapeutic systems. There are two main methods for the synthesis of polylactide: the polycondensation of lactic acid and the ring-opening polymerization of lactide. The rate of biodegradation depends on the ratio of the units; copolymers with the composition lactide : glycolide = 50 : 50 degrade most rapidly. Owing to their biocompatibility as well as the ability to regulate the physical and mechanical properties and the time of biodegradation, lactide polymers and copolymers with glycolide are widely used for the manufacture of suture materials for surgery, fasteners for traumatology and orthopedics, matrices for regenerative medicine, and targeted delivery and prolonged drug release systems. Most of them are modifications of three main methods: spray drying, phase separation (coacervation), and solvent extraction (evaporation)
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