Abstract
Limosilactobacillus reuteri is a microorganism with valuable probiotic qualities that has been widely employed in humans to promote health. It is a well-studied probiotic bacterium that exerts beneficial health effects due to several metabolic mechanisms that enhance the production of anti-inflammatory cytochines and modulate the gut microbiota by the production of antimicrobial molecules, including reuterin. This review provides an overview of the data that support the role of probiotic properties, and the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects of some L. reuteri strains in relation to their metabolite production profile on the amelioration of many diseases and disorders. Although the results discussed in this paper are strain dependent, they show that L. reuteri, by different mechanisms and various metabolites, may control body weight and obesity, improve insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis, increase gut integrity and immunomodulation, and attenuate hepatic disorders. Gut microbiota modulation by ingesting probiotic L. reuteri strains could be a promising preventative and therapeutic approach against many diseases and disorders.
Highlights
The use of randomized, blind, or double-blind human trials has fueled a surge in interest in the field of probiotics in recent years, coinciding with a renewed interest in studies concentrating on gut microbial ecology [1]
Lactobacilli produce a wide variety of antimicrobial molecules, including low-molecular-mass compounds such as hydrogen peroxide, carbon dioxide, ethanol, diacetyl, and acetaldehyde, as well as more complex molecules like bacteriocins, reuterin and reutericyclin, which are the final products of metabolism performed by Limosilactobacillus reuteri strains [6–9]
This review provides an overview of data that support the role of probiotic probiotic properties, and the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects of L. reuteri properties, and the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects of L. reuteri strains in strains in relation to their metabolism on the amelioration of many diseases and disorders relation to their metabolism on the amelioration of many diseases and disorders (Figure 1)
Summary
The use of randomized, blind, or double-blind human trials has fueled a surge in interest in the field of probiotics in recent years, coinciding with a renewed interest in studies concentrating on gut microbial ecology [1]. Lactobacilli produce a wide variety of antimicrobial molecules, including low-molecular-mass compounds such as hydrogen peroxide, carbon dioxide, ethanol, diacetyl, and acetaldehyde, as well as more complex molecules like bacteriocins, reuterin and reutericyclin, which are the final products of metabolism performed by Limosilactobacillus reuteri strains [6–9] Apart from their antibacterial capabilities, lactobacilli have been shown to interact with the host immune system, impacting mucosal immune cells and epithelial cells that coat the mucosa to activate the mucosal immune system’s processes. The regulation of energy homeostasis and satiety, alteration of gut microbiota comthe interruption of bile acid metabolism in the host are all the proposed mechanisms of position, synthesis of short chain fatty acids (SCFA), improved gut barrier function, and action for probiotic-mediated weight loss [30]. As a matter of fact, L. reuteri is one of the other hand, food ingredients that enhance the growth of L. reuteri in the gut result in weight probiotic bacteria that can perform these mechanisms to control obesity (Figure 2). Microbial BSH activity has been demonstrated to increase the level of unconjugated bile acids and activate G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) to improve insulin sensitivity [41]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
