Abstract
Lactobacillus reuteri CCFM1072 and CCFM1040 alleviate airway inflammation in HDM-induced allergic asthma through promoting the population of the Treg cells, which link to modulation of gut microbiota. • CCFM1072 and CCFM1040 significantly alleviated airway inflammation, while DYNDL216, GDLZ105, and FZJTZ20M3 did not. • CCFM1072 and CCFM1040 induced Treg cells proliferation, which could further alleviated airway inflammation. • CCFM1072 and CCFM1040 modulated the gut microbiota in different ways, which were related to the Treg cells proliferation. This study investigated the effects of Lactobacillus ( L. ) reuteri strains on airway inflammation, immune responses, and gut microbiota in a house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic asthma murine model. The L. reuteri strains CCFM1072 and CCFM1040, which increased Treg populations in the spleen, lowered airway inflammation as compared to other strains, downregulated histamine, IL-17A, IL-5, and IL-13 levels in the lungs, and reduced Th2-related immunoglobulin concentrations in serum. Gut microbiota and metabolism analysis revealed that CCFM1072 maintained the diversity of the gut microbiota, promoted the growth of L. reuteri and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron , and increased propionate levels, whereas CCFM1040 remodeled the structure of the gut microbiota, particularly promoting the growth of Bifidobacterium , and these promoted bacteria were linked to the improvement of airway inflammation . In summary, the two L. reuteri strains have effects on alleviating airway inflammation partly depending on modulating gut microbiota, albeit differently, and promoting Tregs proliferation.
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